Hinge



Uivrrnn STATES PATENT OFFICEO JEREMIAH CLOSE AND IRA BUOKMAN, JB., OFBROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

HINGE.

Specification formingpart of Letters Patent No. 49,982, (lated September19, 1865.

To all whom 'it may concern.-

Beit known that we, JEREMIAH CLOSE and IRA BUCKMAN, Jr., of the city ofBrooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a newand useful Improvement in Double and Single Jointed Spring-Butts; and wedo hereby declare that the following is a iull and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, in which- Figure l is a view of adouble-jointed butt when closed; Fig. 2, of a double-jointed butt whenboth joints are open, Fig. 3, a view of a single-jointed butt, with asectional drawing of the barrel inclosing the spring, and a sectionaldrawingofthe adjustments ofthe spring. Fig. 4 is a view ot' the buttwith one of its joints open and the other one closed. Fig. 5 1s asectional drawing of the butt closed, asin Fig. l, showing it attachedto the door. Fig. G is a sectional drawing ot' a butt with both jointsopen7 as in Fig. 2. Fig. 7 isa sectional drawing of the butt attached tothe door and jamb, showing the butt open, as in Fig. 4.

This invention has reference to that class of butts or hinges which, byreason of spiral springs deriving their tension from the springs beingwound up acting on the butts, cause the door to close after the same hasbeen opened.

One of the principal objects otthis invention is to combine with adouble-jointed but-t a helix or spiral spring or springs, in such amanner that the spring or springs shall keep one of the joints closedwhile the otherjoint is being opened in the act of opening the door, andalso to close the door when it is released, the spring acting by beingwound up or having its dialneter contracted by the opening of the doorand expandedwhile closing the same, or vice versa.

A further object of this invention is to make one spring acton bothportions of the doublejointed butt, so as to close either ofthe jointswhen opened, and at the same time to keep the unopened joint closed, soas to prevent it from being opened by the weight ofthe door.

To enable others to make and use our invention we will proceed todescribe the same.

The springs are made of tempered steel, the

other parts of the butt ofiron or any other suitable material.

B B2 are the flaps or leaves of the butt, made in the form shown in thedrawings, so that when the butt is closed they inelose the barrel orcylinder A, which contains the spring S. This barrel forms a portion ofthe middle leaf of the butt, and is parallel to the joints or knuckles KK of the butt. The pins or axes of these joints are made fast to theoutside leaves ofthe butt,so as to turn with them, and have attached toone end ot' each a grooved pulley, Dg, in which one end ofthe chain C isattached, and around which said chainis wound when the door is opened.There is one chain to each end of the butt. The other ends ot' thechains are fastened to grooved pulleys D D (grooves d d) by pins g g,Fig. 2, and these last-mentioned pulleys are secured to the stems r r2of small wrenches E E, which iit the ends ofthe barrel A, as shown inthe sectional draw ing ot' Fig. 3. One ot' these pulleys, D', Fig. 3, ispermanently attached to the stem r2. The other, D, fits loosely on thestem 1^', so as to be easilyturned, and it is clamped fast in any de'sired position by the nut N, which nut can be tightened or loosened bymeans of a small len ver, the end of which is to be inserted into one ofthe holes It h, Fig. 2, for that purpose. At the opposite end of thebarrel a similar nut is permanently fastened to the stem of the otherwrench.

There are collars P P, Figs. 2, 4, and 3, shaped to fit the end of themiddle leaf and barrel ot' Lthe butt, and also fitting the heads ofthewrenches D D', through which the stems r r2 pass. The collars arefastened by screws to the ends ofthe butt, as shown by the dot tedlines, Fig. 3, and serve to keep the wrenches in their proper places.

The ends of the spring S, being properly bent, fit into the forkedportion of the wrenches E E2, as shown in Fig. 3. The side of one of thewrenches, E, has holes lt h, like a capstanhead, in which the end ofasmall lever isiliserted to wind up or adjust the tension of the spring.The spring S may be divided, or there may be a separate spring tooperate each leaf of the butt,in which case one end of each spring issecured to the barrel or cylinder A, nearits center, inthe middle leafof the butt, and the same device for regulating the tension of thesprings and securing them in position will be attached to both ends ofthe barrel A. rlhe advantages of placing the springs or spring of adouble-jointed butt in the middle leaf or in one of the leaves of asingle-jointed butt are that a helical or spiral spring can be appliedot' suiiicient strength and capacity to ei'i'ect the purpose without theenlargement of the knuckle-joint ot' the hinge, or in any way weakeningor lessening the strength ot the bearings or pin that supports theweight of the door. By the above-described arrangement of mechanism anincreased power ot' leverage may be obtained with but a slight action ofthe spring, which is easily adjusted to any required tension, andoperate uniformly in closing the door from any point, whether Wide orpartly open.

rlhe construction ofthe singlejointed butt is similar in all respects tothe double-jointed one, except that but one joint and the leafl arerequired, and that one chain is crossed, so as to rotate the wrenches inopposite directions when the door is opened.

The butt is applied, adjusted, and operated as follows, to wit: Theoutside leaves are itted and screwed fast to the door and doorjamb, asshown in I1`igs.5 and 7. For conven. ience in so fitting them the springcan be relaxed and the butt opened at both joints, as in Figs. 2 and 6.Vhen the buttis screwed fast, close one side or leaf', as in Figs. 4 and7, and insert the end of a small lever in one ot' the holes L hin theside ot' thewrench E. Turn the wrench and it will turn thespring,together with the other wrench at the opposite end of the. spring, tillthe chain is wound tight around the pulleyD. Continue to turn the wrenchE (let it be in the direction to wind up the spring) till the spring` iswound to the proper degree of tension. Two levers may be necessary toaccomplish it. The spring is to be kept in this position till the pulleyD is turned around so as to wind its chain tight, and in such directionthat when the power of the spring shall be made to act itwill increasethe tightness of the chain. The nut Nis then to be screwed up till itwill securely clamp the pulley D fast to the wrench E. Then theadjustment will be complete, and the door may be opened either outwardo-r. inward, the spring causing it to close in either instance, and alsokeeping the unopened joint from being opened by the weight of the d oor.The adjustment of the single-jointed butt is similar.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new, anddesire to secure by LettersPatent, is-

l. In a hinge composed ot' three leaves and two piutles,operating thetwo outer leaves by a power located within a cavity or cavities in saidcentral leaf, substantially as described.

2. Ahinge formed with three leaves and two pintles, as described, thespring or springs of which are located in a cavityorcavities formed inthe central leaf', in combination with the wrench on forkedspring-holder E, the collar P, the grooved pulley D, the wrench orcapstan N, the chain C, and smaller grooved pulley I)s on the shaftofthe outside leaf, B, substantially as and for the purposes herein setforth.

JEREMIAH CLOSE. IRA BUCKMAN, Jr. Vitnesses:

'JAMEs G. MORGAN, J oILN A. PALMER.

